Identifier: ridpathshistoryo01ridp (find matches)
Title: Ridpath's history of the world; being an account of the ethnic origin, primitive estate, early migrations, social conditions and present promise of the principal families of men ..
Year: 1897 (1890s)
Authors: Ridpath, John Clark, 1840-1900
Subjects: World history Ethnology
Publisher: New York, Merrill & Baker
Contributing Library: Mugar Memorial Library, Boston University
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston University

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ifferentiation of a singlerudiment into the several organs of thebody by the influence of use and theadaptation to environment. Near the closeof the seventeenth century the questionwas reviewed by Marcello Malpighi, ofBologna, who by the application of themicroscope to the study of tissue in em-bryo came to conclusions quite differentfrom those of his predecessors. His viewsrespecting the process of production inliving bodies are known as metamorphosis,in contradistinction from epigenesis.The new opinion was taken up and car-ried forward by Leibnitz and Male-branche, and by Bonnet and Haller, whoamplified and applied the speculations oftheir predecessors to large groups of 198 GREAT RACES OE MANKIND. vital phenomena. After them cameBuff on, the elder Darwin, and Lamarck,to the last-named of whom, as we haveseen above, the origination of much ofthe hypothesis of evolution as it is nowunderstood must be referred. Up to the middle of the present cen-tury, however, the views of biologists
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CHARLES ROBERT DARWIN.From the medal by Alphonse Legros, Royal Academy were rudimentary and tentative. Itremained for Charles Robert Darwin toDarwin and gather up the opinions of^SontS! his predecessors, to elimi-olQgy- nate therefrom by observa- tion and critical methods those partswhich did not consist with the order of na-ture, and to formulate on the basis of factand right reason that remarkable theoryof the origin of species which has to so great an extent fixed itself in the con-victions of mankind as the true explana-tion of the manner by which the germinalforms of life have been evolved, by strug-gle, adaptation, survival and naturalselection, into the multifarious varietiesof living forms which inhabit the earth.With him and his work is intimately as-sociated the greatnaturalist, AlfredRussel Wallace,who, by a com-plete coincidence,on July i, 1858,transmitted by thehands of SirCharles Lye 11,and, withoutknowledge of theinvestigations ofMr. Darwin, gaveto the LinnaeanSociety h

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