Sumayyah bint Khayyat
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Sumayyah bint Khayyat (arabe : سمية بنت خياط) est la mère de Ammar ibn Yasir l'un des compagnons les plus proches de Mahomet.
| Naissance | Lieu inconnu |
|---|---|
| Décès | |
| Nom dans la langue maternelle |
سمية بنت خياط |
| Conjoints |
Yasir ibn Amir Al-Àzraq ibn Uqba (d) Asir al'-Azrak (d) |
| Enfants |
Ammar ibn Yassir Salama Ibn al-Azraq (d) |
Elle était une esclave d'Abu Hudhayfah, des Banu Makhzum[1]. Elle est la femme de Yasir ibn Amir, un immigré yéménite, mawali de ce dernier.
Elle rejoindra avec son fils la cause de l'Islam, dès le début de la période d'Al Arqam. Ils font partie de la liste des sept premiers à rejoindre publiquement l'Islam donnée par Abdullah ibn Masud, avec Mahomet, Abu Bakr, Bilal, Suhayb, et Miqdad[2].
Elle subit les persécutions avec son fils, celles-ci ciblant en particulier les personnes des classes pauvres, sans protection. Après avoir été torturée par Abu Jahl, un des chefs mecquois, elle est tuée devant son fils. Elle est considérée comme le premier membre de la communauté musulmane primitive mort en martyr[3],[4]. Quand Abu Jahl est tué à la bataille de Badr, Mahomet dit à Ammar : Dieu a tué l'assassin de ta mère.
Notes et références modifier
- (en) Muhammad Mohar Ali, The Biography of the Prophet and the Orientalists, vol. 1B, (lire en ligne), p. 656.
- (en) Muhammad ibn Saad ,, "Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir", The Companions of Badr, vol. 3, Translated by Bewley, A., London: Ta-Ha Publishers,
- (en) Alfred Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad: A translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah, Oxford, 1955, réimpr. 2003, (ISBN 0-19-636033-1), p. 145.
- (en) Sayed A.A. Razwy, A restatement of the history of Islam & Muslims : C.E. 570 to 661, Stanmore, Middlesex, World Federation of KSI Muslim Communities, (ISBN 0950987913, lire en ligne), « Ammar ibn Yasser was also one of the earliest converts to Islam. As noted before, his mother and father were tortured to death by the pagans in Makkah. They were the first and the second martyrs of Islam, and this is a distinction that no one in all Islam can share with them. [...] The first victims of pagan attrition and aggression were those Muslims who had no tribal affiliation in Makkah. Yasir and his wife, Sumayya, and their son, Ammar, had no tribal affiliation. In Makkah they were “foreigners” and there was no one to protect them. All three were savagely tortured by Abu Jahl and the other infidels. Sumayya, Yasir's wife, died while she was being tortured. She thus became the First Martyr in Islam. A little later, her husband, Yasir, was also tortured to death, and he became the Second Martyr in Islam. Quraysh had stained their hands with innocent blood! In the roster of martyrs, Sumayya and her husband, Yasir, rank among the highest. They were killed for no reason other than their devotion to Allah and their love for Islam and Muhammad Mustafa. Those Muslims who were killed in the battles of Badr and Uhud, had an army to defend and to support them. But Yasir and his wife had no one to defend them; they bore no arms, and they were the most defenseless of all the martyrs of Islam. By sacrificing their lives, they highlighted the truth of Islam, and they built strength into its structure. They made the tradition of sacrifice and martyrdom an integral part of the ethos of Islam. »
