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Charles B. Perrow (Né en 1925) est un professeur émérite en sociologie à l'université de Yale et intervenant à l'université de Standford. Il est l'auteur de plusieurs livres et articles sur la gestion des risques au sein des organisations^[1]. Il est l'un des pères fondateurs des théories de la contingence structurelle.

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Après être allé à l'université de Washington, à Black Moutain College (N.C) et à US Berkeley, il reçoit le titre de docteur en sociologie à Berkeley en 1960. Il a occupé plusieurs postes à l'université du Michigan, Pittsburgh, Wisconsin, SUNY Stony Brook, et Yale où il est devenu professeur émérite en 2000. Depuis 2004, il a été professeur invité au centre pour la sécurité et la coopération international à Stanford.

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Son thème majeur est l'impact des grosses organisations sur la société. His major theme is the impact of large organizations upon society. His structure and power view is explored in successive editions of Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay, first published in 1972, 3rd edition, 1986 (McGraw Hill). It is applied in the award winning Organizing America: Wealth, Power and the Origins of American Capitalism (2002, Princeton).

A related theme has been the structural analysis of risky systems, emphasizing “interactive complexity” (non linear systems) and “tight coupling” (cascading failures). This was explored in the award winning Normal Accidents: Living With High Risk Technologies (1984, rev. ed. 1999, Princeton). The inspiration for Perrow's book was the 1979 Three Mile Island accident, where a nuclear accident resulted from an unanticipated interaction of multiple failures in a complex system. The event was an example of a normal accident because it was "unexpected, incomprehensible, uncontrollable and unavoidable".^[2] The role of organizations in disasters is discussed further in The Next Catastrophe: Reducing Our Vulnerabilities to Natural, Industrial, and Terrorist Disasters (2007, rev. ed. 2011)

His other books are the award winning The AIDS Disaster: The Failure of Organizations in New York and the Nation (1990, Yale, with Mauro F. Guillén); The Radical Attack on Business (1972, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich); Organizational Analysis: A Sociological View (1970, Tavistock Press); and Organization for Treatment: A Comparative Study of Juvenile Correctional Institutions (1966, The Free Press, with David Street and Robert D. Vinter).

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↑ Charles Perrow, « Fukushima and the inevitability of accidents », Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, november/december 2011 vol. 67 no. 6, p. 44–52
↑ Perrow, C. (1982), "The President’s Commission and the Normal Accident", in Sils, D., Wolf, C. and Shelanski, V. (Eds), Accident at Three Mile Island: The Human Dimensions, Westview, Boulder, pp.173–184.