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== Histoire ==
[[File:Yellowstone_earthquakes_history.svg|vignette|Nombre de séismes dans la région du [[Parc national de Yellowstone]] (1973 – 2014)<ref>{{
[[File:Yellowstone volcano - ash beds.jpg|vignette|Schéma de zones éruptives de Yellowstone comparées à celles des éruptions de [[caldeira de Long Valley|Long Valley]] et du [[mont Saint Helens]].]]
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**''[[Island Park Caldera]]''
**''[[Harriman State Park (Idaho)|Harriman State Park]]''
*[[Island Park Caldera]] (étendue : 100 x 50 km) : {{unité/2|2.1|Ma}} : VEI 8 : {{unité|2450|km|3}} de ''{{Lien|trad=Huckleberry Ridge Tuff|lang=en|fr=Huckleberry Ridge Tuff}}''<ref name="GVP" />{{,}}<ref name=wardtable2009>{{
| url = http://www.tetontectonics.org/Climate/Table_S1.pdf
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*Champ volcanique Heise, Idaho :
**Kilgore Caldera (étendue : 80 x 60 km) : VEI 8 : {{unité|1800|km|3}} de ''Kilgore Tuff'' : {{unité/2|4.45|±=0.05|Ma}}<ref name=Heise>{{en}}{{
|author= Lisa A. Morgan and William C. McIntosh |date=
**{{unité/2|4.49|Ma}} tuff of Heise<ref name=anders2009 />
**{{unité/2|5.37|Ma}} tuff of Elkhorn Springs<ref name=wardtable2009 />
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*{{unité/2|9.17|Ma}} tuff of Kyle Canyon<ref name=anders2009 />
*{{unité/2|9.34|Ma}} tuff of Little Chokecherry Canyon<ref name=anders2009 />
*Twin Falls volcanic field, [[Comté de Twin Falls]] : 8.6 to 10 Ma<ref name=anders2009>{{
| url = http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~manders/SRP_erupt.html
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*Picabo volcanic field, {{Lien|trad=Picabo, Idaho|lang=en|fr=Picabo, Idaho}} : 1{{unité/2|0.09|Ma}} (Arbon Valley Tuff A) and 1{{unité/2|0.21|±=0.03|Ma}} (Arbon Valley Tuff B)<ref name=Heise />{{,}}<ref name=anders2009 />
*[[Bruneau-Jarbidge caldera|Bruneau-Jarbidge volcanic field]], [[Bruneau (rivière)]]/ {{Lien|trad=Jarbidge River|lang=en|fr=Jarbidge River}}, Idaho : 10.0 to 1{{unité/2|2.5|Ma}} : {{Lien|trad=Ashfall Fossil Beds|lang=en|fr=Ashfall Fossil Beds}} eruption<ref name=anders2009 />
*Owyhee-Humboldt volcanic field, [[Comté d'Owyhee]], Nevada, and Oregon : around 12.8 to 1{{unité/2|3.9|Ma}}<ref name=anders2009 />
*McDermitt volcanic field, Orevada rift, {{Lien|trad=McDermitt, Nevada|lang=en|fr=McDermitt, Nevada}}/ Oregon (five overlapping and nested calderas : satellitic to these are two additional calderas), {{unité|20000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}:<ref>{{
**{{Lien|trad=Trout Creek Mountains|lang=en|fr=Trout Creek Mountains}}, East of the {{Lien|trad=Pueblo Mountains|lang=en|fr=Pueblo Mountains}}, Whitehorse Caldera (étendue : 15 km), Oregon : 15 Ma : {{unité|40|km|3}} of Whitehorse Creek Tuff<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name=lipman1984>{{en}}{{
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**Jordan Meadow Caldera, (étendue : 10–15 km) : 1{{unité/2|5.6|Ma}} : {{unité|350|km|3}} Longridge Tuff member 2-3<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name=anders2009 />{{,}}<ref name=lipman1984 />{{,}}<ref name=ludington1996 />
**Longridge Caldera, (étendue : 33 km) : 1{{unité/2|5.6|Ma}} : {{unité|400|km|3}} Longridge Tuff member 5<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name=anders2009 />{{,}}<ref name=lipman1984 />{{,}}<ref name=ludington1996 />
**Calavera Caldera, (étendue : 17 km) : 1{{unité/2|5.7|Ma}} : {{unité|300|km|3}} of Double H Tuff<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name=anders2009 />{{,}}<ref name=lipman1984 />{{,}}<ref name=ludington1996 />
**Trout Creek Mountains, Pueblo Caldera (étendue : 20 x 10 km), Oregon : 1{{unité/2|5.8|Ma}} : {{unité|40|km|3}} of Trout Creek Mountains Tuff<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name=lipman1984 />{{,}}<ref name=rytuba1984 >{{en}}{{
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**Hoppin Peaks Caldera, 16 Ma : Hoppin Peaks Tuff<ref name=rytuba1984 />
**Washburn Caldera, (étendue : 30 x 25 km), Oregon : 16.{{unité/2|548|Ma}} : {{unité|250|km|3}} of Oregon Canyon Tuff<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name=lipman1984 />{{,}}<ref name=ludington1996>{{en}}{{
| author = Steve Ludington, Dennis P. Cox, Kenneth W. Leonard, and Barry C. Moring
| contribution = Chapter 5, Cenozoic Volcanic Geology in Nevada | editors = Donald A. Singer
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| pages = |
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| postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it : or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref>
*Yellowstone hotspot (?), {{Lien|trad=Lake Owyhee|lang=en|fr=Lake Owyhee}} volcanic field : 15.0 to 1{{unité/2|5.5|Ma}}<ref>{{en}}{{
|
|date= May 3–5, 2004 |
|doi = }}</ref>
*Yellowstone hotspot (?), Northwest Nevada volcanic field, Virgin Valley, High Rock, Hog Ranch, and unnamed calderas : West of the {{Lien|trad=Pine Forest Range|lang=en|fr=Pine Forest Range}}, Nevada : 15.5 to 1{{unité/2|6.5|Ma}} : Tuffs: Idaho Canyon, Ashdown, Summit Lake, and Soldier Meadow<ref name=Coble2008>{{ouvrage|lang=en
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| lire en ligne= http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1755-1315/3/1/012002/ees8_3_012002.pdf?request-id=fbb453bc-6e79-4194-965a-0d2abf488999
| doi = 10.1088/1755-1307/3/1/012002
| auteur= Matthew A. Coble et Gail A. Mahood}}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{en}}{{
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|postscript= <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it : or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{en}}{{
|author= Castor, S.B., and Henry, C.D. |
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|url= |
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|journal= Geological Society of America Bulletin |volume= 84 |
|url= http://bulletin.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/84/12/3849 |
|doi =10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3849:LVAOTS>2.0.CO;2
|bibcode = 1973GSAB...84.3849K }}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{en}}{{
|author= Matthew E. Brueseke and William K. Hart |
|
|journal= Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology |volume= Bulletin 113 |pages= 44
|url= http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/b113/Text.pdf |
*Columbia River Basalt Province: Yellowstone hotspot sets off a huge pulse of volcanic activity, the first eruptions were near the Oregon-Idaho-Washington border. Columbia River and Steens flood basalts, Pueblo, and Malheur Gorge-region, {{Lien|trad=Pueblo Mountains|lang=en|fr=Pueblo Mountains}}, {{Lien|trad=Steens Mountain|lang=en|fr=Steens Mountain}}, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho, USA : most vigorous eruptions were from 14 to 17 Ma : {{unité|180000|km|3}} of lava<ref name=wardtable2009 />{{,}}<ref name="Carson">{{ouvrage|lang=en|nom1=Carson|prénom1=Robert J. |nom2=Pogue|prénom2=Kevin R.|titre=Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods|sous-titre=Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington |éditeur=Washington State Department of Natural Resources (Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Information Circular 90)|année=1996|id=ISBN none}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name="Reidel">{{en}}{{
|doi = 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.12.004 |bibcode = 2007JVGR..161..187B }}</ref>{{,}}<ref>[http://www.summitpost.org/area/range/355999/southeast-oregon-basin-and-range.html SummitPost.org, ''Southeast Oregon Basin and Range'']</ref>{{,}}<ref>[http://tin.er.usgs.gov/geology/state/sgmc-unit.php?unit=ORTbas%3B0 USGS, ''Andesitic and basaltic rocks on Steens Mountain'']</ref>{{,}}<ref name=malheurrivergorge >[http://bulletin.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/115/1/105 GeoScienceWorld, ''Genesis of flood basalts and Basin and Range volcanic rocks from Steens Mountain to the Malheur River Gorge, Oregon'']</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{
| url = http://www.oregongeology.com/sub/publications/ims/ims-028/unit08.htm
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**[[Groupe basaltique du Columbia|Columbia River flood basalts]], {{unité|175000|km|3}}<ref name=ciw />{{,}}<ref>
{{article
|author = Tolan, T.L., Reidel, S.P., Beeson, M.H., Anderson, J.L., Fecht, K.R. and Swanson, D.A.
|contribution = Revisions to the estimates of the areal extent and volume of the Columbia River Basalt Group |editors = Reidel, S.P. and Hooper, P.R. |
|postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it : or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{en}}{{
|author= Camp, V.E., and Ross, M.E. |
**Steens flood basalts, {{unité|65000|km|3}}<ref name=ciw />{{,}}<ref>{{en}}{{
|author= Carlson, R.W. and Hart, W.K. |
|author= Hart, W.K., and Carlson, R.W. |
|
*Crescent volcanics, [[Péninsule Olympique]]/ southern [[Île de Vancouver]], 5{{unité/2|0-60|Ma}}<ref>{{en}}{{
**{{Lien|trad=Siletz River Volcanics|lang=en|fr=Siletz River Volcanics}}, [[Chaîne côtière de l'Oregon]], a sequence of [[basalte]]ic [[pillow lava]]s.
*{{Lien|trad=Carmacks Group|lang=en|fr=Carmacks Group}}, [[Yukon]], {{unité|63000|km2}}, 70 Ma<ref>{{en}}{{
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|volume= 110 |
===Notes===
*[[Bassin de Harney]] (Devine Canyon Tuff), McDermitt volcanic field, Owyhee-Humboldt volcanic field, Lake Owyhee volcanic field (or Jordan Valley volcanic field, {{Lien|trad=Lake Owyhee|lang=en|fr=Lake Owyhee}}), {{Lien|trad=Jordan Craters|lang=en|fr=Jordan Craters}}, Santa Rosa - Calico volcanic field, Hawkes Valley - Lone Mountain volcanic field, Northwest Nevada volcanic field, Juniper Mountain caldera complex, and Silver City - Delamar caldera complex ({{Lien|trad=Silver City, Idaho|lang=en|fr=Silver City, Idaho}}) are nested in one area. Geologic landmarks of the area: {{Lien|trad=Steens Mountain|lang=en|fr=Steens Mountain}}, Northern Nevada Rift, Midas Trough, Santa Rosa Mountains, [[Bull Run Mountains|Bull Run]] - {{Lien|trad=Tuscarora Mountains|lang=en|fr=Tuscarora Mountains}}, {{Lien|trad=Owyhee Mountains|lang=en|fr=Owyhee Mountains}}, Oregon-Idaho Graben, and western [[Snake River Plain]]<ref name=ciw >{{
| url = http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/research/HLP/about-the-region-mainmenu-37/18-geologic-setting
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*Other manifestations of the Yellowstone hotspot: Rexburg Volcanic Field ({{unité/2|4.3|Ma}}), West of [[Rexburg]] : Henry’s Lake Volcanism ({{unité/2|1.3|Ma}}), {{Lien|trad=Henry's Lake|lang=en|fr=Henry's Lake}} : Blackfoot Volcanic Field (3 Ma), Northwest of [[Soda Springs]] : Gem Valley Volcanic Field (600 to 50 ka), near {{Lien|trad=Grace, Idaho|lang=en|fr=Grace, Idaho}}<ref>{{
| url = http://www.idahogeology.org/FieldWorkshops/Island_Park_2007b/2007%20Workshop%20Projects/Robinson.pdf
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*The initial volcanism is part of the [[Province géologique de Basin and Range]] and the Oregon-Idaho [[graben]] (15.0 to 1{{unité/2|5.5|Ma}}).
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== Map references ==
*{{
| url = http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~manders/SRP_erupt.html
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*{{
| url = http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/NVtopo.pdf
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*{{
| url = http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/b113/figures/fig1.pdf
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== Bibliographie ==
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== Voir aussi ==
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